After the Kalinga War, the Empire experienced nearly half a century of centralized rule under Ashoka. The Maurya dynasty built a precursor of the Grand Trunk Road from Patliputra to Taxila. Under the Mauryas, internal and external trade, agriculture, and economic activities thrived and expanded across South Asia due to the creation of a single and efficient system of finance, administration, and security. The Mauryan Empire then defeated Seleucus I, a diadochus and founder of the Seleucid Empire, during the Seleucid–Mauryan war, thus acquiring territory west of the Indus River. Chandragupta rapidly expanded his power westwards across central and western India by conquering the satraps left by Alexander the Great, and by 317 BCE the empire had fully occupied northwestern India. It declined for about 50 years after Ashoka's rule, and dissolved in 185 BCE with the assassination of Brihadratha by Pushyamitra Shunga and foundation of the Shunga dynasty in Magadha.Ĭhandragupta Maurya raised an army, with the assistance of Chanakya, author of the Arthasastra, and overthrew the Nanda Empire in c. 268–232 BCE) the empire briefly controlled the major urban hubs and arteries of the Indian subcontinent excepting the deep south. Outside this imperial centre, the empire's geographical extent was dependent on the loyalty of military commanders who controlled the armed cities scattered within it. ![]() The empire was centralized by the conquest of the Indo-Gangetic Plain its capital city was located at Pataliputra (modern Patna). Founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BCE, it existed in loose-knit fashion until 185 BCE. While the current state of the Fertile Crescent is awash with uncertainty, its status as the cradle of civilization remains intact.The Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia based in Magadha. Political issues became entangled with geographical problems, and the result was a battle for control of the region, which began in the early 2000s. The environmental strain on the once lush and thriving area has been cited as a secondary reason for tensions in the region, including the conflicts in Syria. As a result, much of the volume has declined to the point where nations utilizing the Euphrates River have to negotiate solutions to ensure each has access to needed water. The construction of multiple dams has also put more pressure on the area, leading to lower water output and quality. Increased population and demands on the rivers from urbanization have depleted the once-fertile soil. Turkey, Syria, and Iraq all depend on the waters flowing from the region. This led to an exchange of culture and ideas, and advancements in the region as writing (cuneiform), math, and religion all soon developed there.Īs time has passed, however, challenges have arisen in the Fertile Crescent. Soon, its natural riches brought travelers in and out of the Fertile Crescent. Irrigation and agri culture developed here because of the fertile soil found near these rivers.Īccess to water helped with farming and trade routes. Two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, regularly flooded the region, and the Nile River also runs through part of it. Its area covers what are now southern Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Egypt, and parts of Turkey and Iran. ![]() ![]() Because of this region’s relatively abundant access to water, the earliest civilizations were established in the Fertile Crescent, including the Sumerians. Named for its rich soils, the Fertile Crescent, often called the “cradle of civilization,” is found in the Middle East.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |